what symbol is used to represent the factor 109?

In the International Organization of Units (SI), each physical quantity—length, mass, volume, etc.—is represented by a specific SI unit. Larger and smaller multiples of that unit of measurement are made past adding SI prefixes. This page shows the most commonly used units, symbols and prefixes. For more details, see Detailed list of metric system units, symbols, and prefixes.

Contents

• Units and symbols
• Prefixes
• Usage
• Examples and relationships
• Conversion factors

Units and symbols

Quantity measured	Unit	Symbol	Relationship
Length, width, distance, thickness, girth, etc.	millimetre	mm	1000 mm = 1 m
	metre	g
	kilometre	km	1 km = 1000 m
Mass ("weight")*	milligram	mg	grand mg = i thou
	gram	m	1000 k = ane kg
	kilogram	kg
	megagram (tonne or "metric ton")†	Mg (t)	1 Mg = i t = 1000 kg
Fourth dimension	second	southward
Temperature	caste Celsius	°C
Area	square metre	thouii	1 1000two = i m × 1 m
	hectare	ha	i ha = 10 000 mii
	foursquare kilometre	km2	1 km2 = 100 ha
Volume	millilitre	mL	1000 mL = 1 L
	litre	L	grand Fifty = 1 thousand3
	cubic metre	one thousandiii	1 m3 = one thousand × one one thousand × ane m
Speed, velocity	metre per second	m/southward
	kilometre per hour	km/h	ane km/h = 0.278 m/s
Density	kilogram per cubic metre	kg/10003
Strength	newton	North
Pressure, stress	kilopascal	kPa
Power	watt	Due west
	kilowatt	kW	1 kW = thousand West
Energy	kilojoule	kJ
	megajoule	MJ	one MJ = k kJ
	kilowatt-hour	kW⋅h	1 kW⋅h = 3.half dozen MJ
Electric current	ampere	A
Electric charge	coulomb	C
	milliampere-hr	mA⋅h	1 mA⋅h = 3.6 C

Notes

^* See Is it 'weight' or 'mass'? in the FAQ.
^† Run across How most 'tons' and 'tonnes'? in the FAQ for more details.

Prefixes

This table shows the most commonly used SI prefixes. For a complete listing of SI prefixes, including their origins, see SI prefixes and their etymologies.

Prefix	Symbol	Factor	Ordinary Note		Name
giga	G	x9	ane 000 000 000		billion
mega	M	106	1 000 000		million
kilo	yard	xiii	1 000		thousand
		100	one		i, unity
milli	m	10-3	0	.001	thousandth
micro	μ	10-6	0	.000 001	millionth
nano	n	10-ix	0	.000 000 001	billionth

Usage

Although unit of measurement names are ordinary words, notation that unit symbols are but that (symbols) and not abbreviations. They

• are instance-sensitive: uppercase and lowercase letters have different meanings—for example, mm is the millimetre (one-thousandth of a metre), but Mm is the megametre (one million metres);
• don't have atypical and plural forms: information technology's 1 km, 2 km (no "s" at the end);
• have spaces before them: information technology'southward 1 km, not 1km; and
• don't have periods / total stops after them (unless they happen to autumn at the ends of sentences).

For more details on usage, including some common errors, read the USMA's page on correct metric usage. In addition, the FAQ includes some information on usage. For data on typing symbols properly, meet How tin I type unit symbols such equally m², °C, N⋅m, and µm? in the FAQ.

Examples and relationships

1 mL = 1 cm³

ane millilitre is the aforementioned volume as i cubic centimetre.

1 mL of water has a mass of approximately 1 g

The mass of 1 millilitre of h2o is approximately 1 gram.

1 Fifty of water has a mass of approximately 1 kg

The mass of ane litre of water is therefore approximately i kilogram.

1 one thousand³ of h2o has a mass of approximately 1 t

There are 1000 litres in a cubic metre, and then the mass of 1 cubic metre of h2o is approximately grand kilograms or one metric ton.

The mass of a nickel is 5 g

A US nickel weighs 5 grams, and a penny weighs 2.five grams.

A typical doorknob is 1 m loftier

Although in that location's no precise standard for doorknob heights, they're often about i metre above the floor.

The bore of a CD or DVD is 120 mm

A CD or DVD is 120 millimetres across. The diameter of the center hole is 15 millimetres.

1 ha = 10 000 m² (100 grand × 100 yard)

1 hectare is 10 000 square metres, equivalent to the area of a square 100 metres on each side. A football field is nearly 100 metres long, so imagine a square the length of a football field on each side, and that'south ane hectare.

Conversion factors

This table gives easily remembered, judge conversion factors for some common units, likewise as more precise factors. Boldfaced values are verbal. Simply call up, estimated values don't warrant precise conversions. If "it was most 100 yards away", so it was about 100 metres away. Merely if it was exactly 100 yards abroad would 1 convert the measurement to 91.44 metres.

To convert from	to	multiply past	More than precisely, multiply by
acres (US survey)	hectares (ha)	0.4	0.404 687 3
feet (ft)	metres (1000)	0.3	0.3048
fluid ounces (fl oz)*	millilitres (mL)	30	29.573 53
gallons (gal)*	litres (L)	3.8	3.785 411 784
inches (in)	millimetres (mm)	25	25.four
knots (kn)	kilometres per hr (km/h)		ane.852
miles (mi)	kilometres (km)	1.6	one.609 344
miles per gallon (mpg)	litres per 100 km [50/(100 km)]		Split 235.215 by mpg
miles per hr (mph)	kilometres per hour (km/h)	1.6	1.609 344
nautical miles (nmi)	kilometres (km)		1.852
ounces (oz)†	grams (thou)	28	28.349 52
pound-force (lbf)	newtons (N)		4.448 222
pounds (lb)†	kilograms (kg)	0.45 or divide past 2.ii	0.453 592 37
pounds per foursquare inch (lbf/inii, psi)	kilopascals (kPa)		6.894 757
quarts (qt)*	litres (L)	0.9	0.946 352 946
square feet (sq ft)	square metres (mtwo)	0.ane	0.092 903 04
square miles (sq mi)	square kilometres (kmtwo)	2.half dozen	2.589 988
yards (yd)	metres (g)	0.ix	0.9144

Notes

^* Fluid ounces, quarts, and gallons refer to US liquid measures.
^† Ounces and pounds refer to avoirdupois units.

Final updated: 2019-07-24

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Source: https://usma.org/commonly-used-metric-system-units-symbols-and-prefixes

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